A general audit of all public servants has been ordered. This was necessary because the morale of the civil service had been destroyed by indiscriminate recruitment and rapid promotion. The government was blamed for many sins of omission and incarceration, but inefficiency and corruption were the main accusations. The services of all civil servants were carefully examined, so that the names of 133 Class I officers, 221 Class II and I officers, 303 Class III civil servants were removed from the public payroll. None of the above-mentioned governments could have taken such an unprecedented step to streamline administrative bureaucracy. The imposition of martial law and the abrogation of the constitution led to a complete vacuum in the legal structure. The prelude to Ayub Khan`s imposition of martial law in Pakistan was fraught with political tensions and sectarian politics, in which the new country`s political establishment alienated its citizens through controversial governance and perceived political failures. Among the government`s most contentious failures are the ongoing uncertainty surrounding disputes over the water canals, which has led to a rift between the Pakistani government`s agriculture-dependent economy and citizen farmers, and the general geopolitical failure to adequately address the Indian threat to Pakistani sovereignty in the disputed Jammu and Kashmir region. In 1956, the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan adopted a constitution ending Pakistan`s status as an independent dominion of the British Empire to create an Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Major General Iskander Mirza was the last Governor-General of Pakistan to automatically become the first President of the State.

However, the new constitution was followed by a period of political turmoil in Pakistan that further agitated the population and factions within the military. In the two years between 1956 and 1958, four prime ministers – Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar and Sir Feroz Khan Noon – enjoyed rapid succession. [1] There was precedent in Pakistan that a governor general – in 1956 this post belonged to Malik Ghulam Muhammad before his powers were taken over by the president – could remove a prime minister and rule by decree until a new government could be formed. Many saw Mirza`s use of this power as a deliberate manipulation of the Constitution for his own ends. In particular, Mirza`s One Unit program, which merged Pakistan`s provinces into two wings – West Pakistan and East Pakistan – was politically controversial and proved difficult and costly to implement. [1] The rapid succession of prime ministers following the controversial actions of Iskander Mirza fostered the idea within the military that the public would support a coup against Pakistan`s civilian government and allow Ayub Khan to cease control of the country. Therefore, Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan was the first Muslim teacher at Staff College Quetta at the time of independence. However, in 1965, he even honored the war with Crescent Courage. He was the second martial law administrator on March 25, 1969. He was arrested in 1972 at the request of individuals. He was finally released in September 1977 and died in 1980.

On 1 October, the elections were postponed indefinitely. 10. In November 1977, the Supreme Court unanimously upheld the imposition of martial law under the doctrine of necessity. The 1958 Pakistani coup refers to events between October 7, when Pakistani President Iskander Mirza suspended the Pakistani constitution and declared martial law, and October 27, when Mirza himself was deposed by General Ayub Khan, commander-in-chief of the Pakistani army. There were a number of prime ministers between 1956 and 1958 and it reached a stage where General Ayub Khan believed that the military had to take control to restore stability. Politicians in East Pakistan wanted to have more say in the direction of the central government, which increased tensions. Iskander Mirza had lost the support of many prominent politicians and was alarmed by a plan by Suhrawardy to unite the political leaders of Bengal and Punjab against him. So he turned to Ayub Khan and the army for help. Shortly after the war began, the United States imposed an embargo on military aid to India and Pakistan. This embargo did not affect the Indian army, but led to major changes in the technical composition of the Pakistani army. U.S. Secretary of State Dean Rusk summed it up well when he said, “Well, if you want to fight, go ahead and fight, but we`re not going to pay for it.” [18] Ayub Khan was sworn in as president on February 17, 1960.

On June 8, 1962, he announced that martial law would be lifted after nearly four years and also swore allegiance to the office of president under the new constitution, which he adopted on June 1, 1962. It was adopted in March 1962 and provided for the presidential form of government. Ayub Khan was president of Pakistan throughout the decade of the 1960s, but by the end of the decade, popular resentment against him was boiling. Pakistan had fallen into a state of disorder and the long turmoil in East Pakistan had turned into a mass uprising in January 1969. After fruitless talks with the opposition, Ayub Khan handed over power to Yahya Khan in March 1969, who immediately declared martial law. [clarification needed] When Yahya Khan took office on March 25, 1969, he inherited a constitutional problem of two decades of interprovincial ethnic rivalry between Punjabi and Pashtun-dominated West Pakistan and ethnic Bengali Muslim East Pakistan. In addition, Yahya also inherited an 11-year problem of transforming a largely one-man country into a democratic one, which was the ideological basis of the 1968-69 anti-Ayub movement. As head of the army, Yahya had all the skills, qualifications and potential, but he inherited an extremely complex problem and was forced to assume the multiple roles of interim leader of the country, draft an interim constitution, resolve the issue of unity and satisfy the frustrations and feelings of exploitation and discrimination created successively in the East Wing since 1948 by a series of government policies. [3] [1] Pakistan returned to military rule on October 12, 1999, when General Pervez Musharraf seized power in a bloodless coup and dissolved the elected government of Nawaz Sharif.

However, no martial law was declared. As he did on the 11th. Parliamentary elections were announced in July 2002 and were held on 10 October 2002. But before the elections, a referendum was held on April 30, 2002 to elect him president for another five years. On 3 November 2007, he declared a state of emergency in the country, which would be in accordance with martial law, as the constitution had been suspended. On November 12, 2007, Musharraf enacted amendments to the military law that gave the armed forces additional powers. Here`s how many laws of war will be enforced in Pakistan by 2021. Here are all the laws of war in Pakistan with the dates and names of the people who imposed them. The imposition of martial law in 1958 was entirely due to an unpleasant and uncertain situation, as well as political instability due to rapid political manoeuvring and changes in the country. On October 1, 1971, the court annulled the elections and discussed martial law. After their discussion, General Zia Ul Haq had to lift martial law and hand over the government to the appropriate personalities.

In this way, martial law ended once and for all. The second case occurred when the then army chief, General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan, declared martial law, dissolved assemblies and assumed the post of president after Ayub Khan resigned as president on March 25, 1969, ceding power to him. On April 3, he formed a three-member board of directors with himself as president, and the next day issued a provisional constitutional order that formed the basis of the country`s governance.